Canada’s language training sector in “state of crisis” after further enrolment declines in 2025

Languages Canada reports that the findings in its 2025 Annual Survey Report “make it unmistakably clear that the sector is now in a state of crisis.”

Representatives from more than 150 Canadian language programmes (English and French) responded to both the 2024 and 2025 editions of the survey, providing an analytical basis from which to compare trends in both years. The topline finding is that the number of students decreased by -13% and student weeks by -19% between 2024 and 2025.

Just over 81,600 students were enrolled in language programmes in 2025 (92% in English, 8% in French), collectively spending about 798,900 weeks in their studies.

The following chart from the report shows that the marked downward trend in student weeks began in 2023/2024. The language training sector is now roughly half the size it was in the year before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Student weeks have fallen dramatically for Canadian language programmes since 2023. Source: Languages Canada

The value of the sector

Canada’s immigration policies have had a pronounced negative impact on international student numbers in Canadian institutions – and a much greater impact than the government anticipated. The result has been devastating for many institutions across levels and sub-sectors, but especially for language-training providers, which receive far fewer study permit allocations than universities do. In the foreword to the Languages Canada report, Gonzalo Peralta, the association’s executive director, notes:

“These policy decisions have significantly reduced enrolments, forcing programs to scale back operations and, in some cases, close entirely.

“While economic uncertainty and increased international competition contributed to the downturn, it is the policy environment that most decisively undermined the sector’s stability and growth. The consequences are felt across the country, with institutions struggling to maintain viability and communities losing the economic and cultural benefits these programs provide.”

What is at stake is not only the sustainability of the sector, but also millions of dollars. Languages Canada reports:

“Even amid this crisis, Languages Canada members contributed an estimated CDN$1.03 billion directly to the Canadian economy in 2025 – representing direct economic activity, much of it generated through export revenues – highlighting the sector’s enduring value.”

The estimated economic impact of the sector decreased by -1% in 2025 versus 2024.

Top 10 markets

Japan is the main sender of students and by far the largest contributor of student weeks. The top 10 markets for Canadian language programmes (with numerical values in the chart below) are:

• Japan

• Brazil

• South Korea

• Mexico

• Canada (Canadian students studying French or English in their own country)

• China

• Colombia

• Taiwan

• France

• Italy

All markets are down – some of them significantly – other than Canada, which is relatively stable. This fact alone highlights the damaging effect of immigration policies that of course do not affect Canadian students applying to their own country’s language programmes.

Top 10 source markets for Canada’s language providers in 2025. Source: Languages Canada

Destination comparison

The Canadian language training sector is not alone in facing difficult trading conditions. In terms of student weeks – a more indicative source of volume for language programmes than student numbers – the change between 2024 and 2025 was -8% in the US, -10% in the UK’s private sector, and -18% in Ireland.

In Australia, official data on student weeks for the English-language (ELICOS sector) has not yet been released, but:

• ELICOS’s share of total international enrolments nearly halved between 2023 and 2025 (from 16.6% to 8.8%);

• Student numbers fell from 97,200 in 2024 to 60,850 in 2025;

• Visa applications for ELICOS study dropped by -39% in 2025 versus 2024.

Similar to Canada, Australian government policies are the major contributor to the sector’s troubles. In Canada, the issue is the student cap that disproportionately affects language providers. In Australia, the main depressor on demand is the steadily rising visa application fee, which now stands at AUS$2,050 for English-language applicants. Applying for an Australian study visa is now roughly as expensive as a short English-language course of 10 weeks – and the application fee is non-refundable for students who are rejected for a visa.

Languages Canada vows to continue lobbying

Writing in the Languages Canada report, Mr Peralta says:

“While the findings present a stark and candid assessment, Languages Canada remains committed to working with its members and partners to advocate for the changes needed to stabilise and rebuild Canada’s English and French language education sector, support learners from Canada and around the world, and ensure that these essential programs can survive and recover.”

by ICEF Monitor